Galileo and Newton, by William Bixby
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Galileo and Newton, by William Bixby
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The relationship between Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton is like that of two complementary stages of a rocket. Galileo, the argumentative "wrangler" who demanded that the universe be examined through a telescope rather than by means of a philosophy book, provided the first liftoff, and Newton, the secretive mathematician who searched among his notes to find a mislaid proof for universal gravitation, put the world into orbit. Here, from award-winning journalist William Bixby, are their stories.
Galileo and Newton, by William Bixby- Amazon Sales Rank: #198516 in eBooks
- Published on: 2015-10-18
- Released on: 2015-10-18
- Format: Kindle eBook
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35 of 38 people found the following review helpful. charming and informative book on two great scientists By Mageditor I was delighted to discover this book, which cleverly combines biographies of these two great men. Galileo’s many discoveries laid the groundwork for modern science. Attacked by the Catholic Church as a heretic, he died in disgrace, but “his work and that of his successors perpetuated his memory,” observes the author. “One of these, the Englishman Isaac Newton, later advanced a theory to define the structure of the universe.” Curiously, Newton was born in 1642, the year Galileo died.The author gives a good description of the darkness of knowledge in the 1500s, “a world lit only by fire” as historian William Manchester memorably called it. In Galileo’s day, people still believed that Earth was the center of the universe and that the sun, stars, and planets moved in a circular course around it. They could see that the sun rose in the morning and set at nightfall, so it must be moving around the Earth.In the 1500s, educated people still believed in mistaken Aristotelian theories such as the idea that the heavens revolved around the Earth. And that a 40-pound rock would fall twice as fast as a 20-pound one. But to challenge such Aristotelian ideas was to question the Catholic Church, which had accepted many Classical ideas as if they were gospel. To test them with experimentation was heresy.Galileo would lay the groundwork for the entire modern world of scientific thought by challenging such accepted myths through observation of actual phenomena, and because of it he lived under the threat of persecution by the Inquisition for most of his life.The author chronicles Galileo's many amazing discoveries, starting (at age 17) with the law of the simple pendulum -- that the swing of a pendulum may be long or short, but as long as it swings, it invariably measures the same amount of time. Galileo figured out the principles of inertia and uniformly accelerated motion, and made many important discoveries with his telescope (much improved from Kepler's crude instrument). He determined that Venus and the other planets were lit by sunlight, that the Milky Way was actually numberless stars rather than mist, that the dark part of the moon was actually lit by lit light from the Earth. He wad even able to estimate the height of mountains on the moon by measuring the shadows they cast.Bixby also talks about Galileo's struggles. In 1592, he was so poor when he was offered a teaching position in Padua, he had to walk there from Florence, a distance of more than 100 miles, carrying his belongings on his back. And, of course, there is an entire chapter on his persecution by the Catholic Church.The author emphasizes the continuity between Galileo and Newton in how they approached the study of laws of science. Both insisted on observation and experimentation as the basis for inquiry. Each of these great men is made more memorable in this side-by-side examination.We would do well to remember how frustrated Galileo was not only by "the extraordinary stupidity of the multitude," but also the supposed experts of his day -- the "the lazy obstinacy... of leading philosophers... who close their eyes to the light of truth.”There was no mention of who the author William Bixby is in the Amazon description, so I looked him up. He has written at least ten books including Robert Scott, Antarctic pioneer, Impossible Journey of Sir Ernest Shakleton, and The race to the South Pole.This was a charming and informative book. I recommend it to anyone.
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful. Clear summary of physics history By WEck This book fills the need for a precise summary of the history of the discovery of some of the most basic scientific ideas that are used every day.It treats some complicated topics with the clarity they deserve. It's a great read for a young aspiring scientist or an older person who wishes to simplify his understanding of the universe.
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful. Short and effective double biography of the founders of modern scientific thought. By Amazon Customer A short and well written dual biography of Galileo and Newton. Highlights their scientific contributions, methods and conclusions, with minimal detail. Brief biography, including a short history of Galileo's conflict with the Catholic Church. An excellent introduction to two of the founders of the scientific revolution. The last chapter is a bit of a distraction, with hints of spiritualism and religion. BIxby is otherwise a lucid author on the science. Recommend it highly for young readers, except for the last chapter.
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